Which of the following factors is commonly associated with behavioral issues in children?

The choice indicating that changes to routine is a common factor associated with behavioral issues in children is rooted in the understanding that children thrive on structure and predictability. When there are significant changes to their daily routines—such as moving to a new home, changing schools, or alterations in family dynamics—children may feel anxious or unsettled. These feelings can manifest in various behavioral issues, including increased irritability, withdrawal, or acting out.

While age can influence behavior and developmental stages can bring various challenges, it is not as directly linked to behavioral issues as the disruptions caused by changes in routine. Similarly, parental affection is generally associated with positive outcomes in child behavior, promoting security and emotional well-being rather than issues. Religious upbringing may shape values and practices, but it is not a direct cause of behavioral challenges in the same way that significant routine disruptions can impact a child's sense of security and stability. Thus, the emphasis on changes to routine accurately reflects a well-documented factor in the study of child psychology and development.